![]() ![]() For IPv4 this role is served by the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP). In addition to the routing protocols used to set up forwarding state between subnets, a way is needed for the routers to discover that there are local receivers on a directly attached subnet. SM means "sparse-mode" as opposed to dense-mode, in sparse-mode protocols explicit control messages are used to ensure that traffic is only delivered to the subnets where there are receivers that requested to receive it. this protocol is not tied to any particular unicast routing IGP. PIM means "platform independent multicast" - i.e. MikroTik supports PIM-SM multicast routing protocol. ![]() If, however, the sender and receiver are on different subnets, then a multicast routing protocol needs to be involved in setting up multicast forwarding state on the tree between the sender and the receivers. If both the sender and receiver for a multicast group are on the same local broadcast subnet, then the routers do not need to be involved in the process, and communication can take place directly. The network then figures out how to get the data from senders to receivers. Senders send their data to a multicast IP destination address, and receives express an interest in receiving traffic destined for such an address. IP Multicast is a technology that allows one-to-many and many-to-many distribution of data on the Internet.
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